The international standard symbol for this unit today is "gon" (see ISO 31-1). In the 2010s, some scientific calculators lack support for gradians. In the 1970s –1990s, most scientific calculators offered the gon, as well as radians and degrees, for their trigonometric functions. Today, the degree, 1 / 360 of a turn, or the mathematically more convenient radian, 1 / 2 π of a turn (used in the SI system of units) is generally used instead. The French armed forces' artillery units have used the gon for decades. In German, the unit was formerly also called Neugrad (new degree) (whereas the standard degree was referred to as Altgrad (old degree)), likewise nygrad in Danish, Swedish and Norwegian (also gradian), and nýgráða in Icelandic.Īlthough attempts at a general introduction were made, the unit was only adopted in some countries, and for specialised areas such as surveying, mining and geology. In France, it was also called grade nouveau. Due to confusion with the existing term grad(e) in some northern European countries (meaning a standard degree, 1 / 360 of a turn), the name gon was later adopted, first in those regions, and later as the international standard. The unit originated in connection with the French Revolution in France as the grade, along with the metric system, hence it is occasionally referred to as a metric degree. The gradian is not part of the International System of Units (SI). Īs of May 2020, the gon is officially a legal unit of measurement in the European Union : 9 and in Switzerland. Gradians are principally used in surveying (especially in Europe), Īnd to a lesser extent in mining and geology. The chance of confusion was one reason for the adoption of the term Celsius to replace centigrade as the name of the temperature scale. In continental Europe, the French word centigrade, also known as centesimal minute of arc, was in use for one hundredth of a grade similarly, the centesimal second of arc was defined as one hundredth of a centesimal arc-minute, analogous to decimal time and the sexagesimal minutes and seconds of arc. Measuring angles in gradians is said to employ the centesimal system of angular measurement, initiated as part of metrication and decimalisation efforts. It is equivalent to 1 / 400 of a turn, 9 / 10 of a degree, or π / 200 of a radian. In trigonometry, the gradian, also known as the gon (from Ancient Greek: γωνία, romanized: gōnía, lit.'angle'), grad, or grade, is a unit of measurement of an angle, defined as one hundredth of the right angle in other words, there are 100 gradians in 90 degrees.
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